【中学英語】have to-復習ワークシート
📚 基礎レベル
have to とは?
have to は「〜しなければならない」という意味で、義務や必要性を表します。
「〜しなければならない」
I have to go to school.
（私は学校に行かなければなりません）
She has to study English.
（彼女は英語を勉強しなければなりません）
主語が三人称単数（he, she, it）のときは「has to」になります！
I/You/We/They → have to
He/She/It → has to
| 主語 | 形 | 例文 |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | have to | I have to do my homework. |
| He / She / It | has to | He has to clean his room. |
have to と must の違い
have to と must はどちらも「〜しなければならない」という意味ですが、ニュアンスが少し違います。
have to：外からの義務、ルールや状況による必要性
I have to go to school.
（学校に行かなければならない）→ 学校のルールだから
must：話し手の強い意志や命令
You must study hard.
（一生懸命勉強しなければならない）→ 私がそう思うから
have to → 客観的な義務（ルール、法律、状況）
I have to wear a uniform at school.
（学校で制服を着なければならない）→ 学校のルール
must → 主観的な義務（話し手の意志）
You must be careful.
（気をつけなければならない）→ 私の忠告
日常会話では have to の方がよく使われます！
must は少し堅い表現なので、普段の会話では have to を使うことが多いです。
have to の文を完成させよう
I to go to school.
She to study English.
We have to the classroom. (clean)
He to wake up early.
They have to their homework. (finish)
have to の否定文（〜する必要がない）
have to の否定文は don’t have to または doesn’t have to を使います。
「〜する必要がない」「〜しなくてもよい」
I don’t have to go to school today.
（今日は学校に行く必要がありません）
She doesn’t have to study tonight.
（彼女は今夜勉強する必要がありません）
don’t have to：〜する必要がない（してもしなくてもよい）
You don’t have to come.
（来なくてもいいです）→ 来ても来なくてもどちらでもOK
must not：〜してはいけない（禁止）
You must not come.
（来てはいけません）→ 来ることは禁止
| 主語 | 否定形 | 例文 |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | don’t have to | You don’t have to worry. |
| He / She / It | doesn’t have to | She doesn’t have to work today. |
否定文を完成させよう
You have to come.
She have to work today.
We don’t have to . (hurry)
He have to wear a uniform.
I don’t have to to school tomorrow. (go)
have to の疑問文（〜しなければなりませんか?）
have to の疑問文は Do/Does を文頭に置きます。
「〜しなければなりませんか?」
Do you have to go?
（あなたは行かなければなりませんか?）
Does she have to study?
（彼女は勉強しなければなりませんか?）
疑問文では has to が have to に戻ります！
She has to study. → Does she have to study?
※ Does を使うので、has が have に戻ります
| 主語 | 疑問文 | 答え方 |
|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | Do you have to…? | Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. |
| He / She / It | Does she have to…? | Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t. |
肯定の答え：Yes, 主語 + do/does.
Do you have to go? → Yes, I do.
否定の答え：No, 主語 + don’t/doesn’t.
Does he have to work? → No, he doesn’t.
疑問文を完成させよう
you have to go?
she have to study?
Do we have to the room? (clean)
Does he to wear a uniform?
Do they have to their homework? (finish)
🚀 発展レベル
have to の過去形（〜しなければならなかった）
have to の過去形は had to を使います。主語に関係なく全て had to になります。
「〜しなければならなかった」
I had to go to school yesterday.
（昨日学校に行かなければなりませんでした）
She had to study last night.
（彼女は昨夜勉強しなければなりませんでした）
過去形では主語に関係なく全て「had to」！
I/You/He/She/We/They → 全て had to
※ has to は使いません
| 時制 | 形 | 例文 |
|---|---|---|
| 現在 | have to / has to | I have to go. / She has to go. |
| 過去 | had to | I had to go. / She had to go. |
否定文：didn’t have to
I didn’t have to go to school yesterday.
（昨日学校に行く必要がありませんでした）
疑問文：Did + 主語 + have to…?
Did you have to work yesterday?
（昨日働かなければなりませんでしたか?）
過去形の文を完成させよう
I to go to school yesterday.
She to study last night.
We had to the room. (clean)
I have to work yesterday.
you have to go there?
have to の未来形（〜しなければならないでしょう）
have to の未来形は will have to を使います。
「〜しなければならないでしょう」
I will have to go to school tomorrow.
（明日学校に行かなければならないでしょう）
She will have to study tonight.
（彼女は今夜勉強しなければならないでしょう）
will の後ろは必ず have to（原形）！
× She will has to study.
○ She will have to study.
| 時制 | 形 | 例文 |
|---|---|---|
| 現在 | have to / has to | I have to go. |
| 過去 | had to | I had to go. |
| 未来 | will have to | I will have to go. |
否定文：won’t have to
I won’t have to go to school tomorrow.
（明日学校に行く必要がないでしょう）
疑問文：Will + 主語 + have to…?
Will you have to work tomorrow?
（明日働かなければなりませんか?）
未来形の文を完成させよう
I have to go tomorrow.
She will to study tonight.
We will have to the room. (clean)
I have to work tomorrow.
you have to go there?
have to の総まとめ
She to study English. (現在形)
You have to come. (否定文)
you have to go? (疑問文)
I to wake up early yesterday. (過去形)
We have to clean tomorrow. (未来形)
She have to work today. (否定文)
you have to study last night? (過去疑問文)
He will to finish his homework. (未来形)
この記事へのコメントはありません。